- Create README.md for internationalization (i18n) documentation - Add English translation for main README and quick start guide - Add Japanese translation for main README - Add Simplified Chinese translation for main README - Introduce sample Docker Compose configurations for various deployment scenarios - Implement CI/CD documentation for testing and deployment workflows - Establish end-to-end testing guidelines and strategies - Create test strategy documentation outlining unit, integration, and E2E tests
218 lines
4.1 KiB
Markdown
218 lines
4.1 KiB
Markdown
# 安全性設定
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> ⚠️ **此文件已遷移**
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>
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> 本文件內容已整合至新的文件結構,請參閱:
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>
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> - 🔒 [安全性設定](../configuration/security.md)
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>
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> 此文件將在未來版本中移除。
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---
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本文件說明 ConvertX-CN 的安全性相關設定與最佳實踐。
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---
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## Cookie 與登入安全
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### HTTP_ALLOWED
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控制是否允許非 HTTPS 連線。
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```yaml
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- HTTP_ALLOWED=true # 允許 HTTP(不安全,僅測試用)
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- HTTP_ALLOWED=false # 僅允許 HTTPS(預設)
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```
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#### 運作原理
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當 `HTTP_ALLOWED=false` 時,Cookie 會設定 `Secure` 屬性,只在 HTTPS 連線下傳送。
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若實際用 HTTP 存取:
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- 瀏覽器不會傳送 Cookie
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- 每次請求都像未登入
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- 造成「登入後又被踢回登入頁」
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#### 設定建議
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| 情境 | 設定值 |
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| ------------------ | ------- |
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| `localhost` 測試 | `true` |
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| 區網 IP 測試 | `true` |
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| 有 HTTPS 憑證 | `false` |
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| 透過反向代理 HTTPS | `false` |
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---
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### TRUST_PROXY
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是否信任反向代理傳來的 headers。
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```yaml
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- TRUST_PROXY=true # 信任 X-Forwarded-* headers
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- TRUST_PROXY=false # 不信任(預設)
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```
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#### 運作原理
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當請求經過反向代理時:
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- 原始連線:使用者 → Nginx (HTTPS) → ConvertX (HTTP)
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- 沒有 TRUST_PROXY:ConvertX 看到的是 HTTP 連線
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- 有 TRUST_PROXY:ConvertX 讀取 `X-Forwarded-Proto: https`,知道原始是 HTTPS
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#### 設定建議
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| 情境 | 設定值 |
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| ---------------------------- | ------- |
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| 直接存取容器(無 Proxy) | `false` |
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| 透過 Nginx / Traefik / Caddy | `true` |
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| 透過 Cloudflare Tunnel | `true` |
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#### 安全注意
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只在確實有反向代理時才設為 `true`。若直接暴露容器且設為 `true`,攻擊者可偽造 headers。
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---
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## 帳號安全
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### ACCOUNT_REGISTRATION
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```yaml
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- ACCOUNT_REGISTRATION=true # 開放註冊
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- ACCOUNT_REGISTRATION=false # 關閉註冊
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```
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#### 建議流程
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1. 首次部署設為 `true`
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2. 註冊管理員帳號
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3. 改為 `false`
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4. 重啟容器
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首次註冊的帳號不受此限制。
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### JWT_SECRET
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```yaml
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- JWT_SECRET=your-secret-key-at-least-32-chars
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```
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#### 重要性
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- 用於簽署登入 Token
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- 不設定:每次重啟產生新密鑰,所有人被登出
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- 設定固定值:登入狀態跨重啟保留
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#### 產生方式
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```bash
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# Linux / macOS
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openssl rand -hex 32
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# 輸出範例
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# a1b2c3d4e5f6789...(64 字元)
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```
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---
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## 公開服務安全
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### ALLOW_UNAUTHENTICATED
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```yaml
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- ALLOW_UNAUTHENTICATED=true # 允許未登入使用
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- ALLOW_UNAUTHENTICATED=false # 必須登入(預設)
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```
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#### 風險
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設為 `true` 時:
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- 任何人可使用轉換功能
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- 消耗伺服器 CPU / 記憶體 / 磁碟
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- 可能被惡意利用
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#### 緩解措施
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若需要公開服務,建議:
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```yaml
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environment:
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- ALLOW_UNAUTHENTICATED=true
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- AUTO_DELETE_EVERY_N_HOURS=1 # 頻繁清理
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- HIDE_HISTORY=true # 隱藏歷史
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- MAX_CONVERT_PROCESS=2 # 限制同時轉換數
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```
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---
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## 網路安全
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### 防火牆
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只開放必要的埠:
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```bash
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# 僅允許特定 IP 存取
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ufw allow from 192.168.1.0/24 to any port 3000
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```
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### 只允許本地存取
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若透過反向代理,可限制容器只監聽 localhost:
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```yaml
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ports:
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- "127.0.0.1:3000:3000"
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```
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這樣只有本機的反向代理可以存取,外部無法直接連線。
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---
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## 設定範例
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### 最小安全配置(本地測試)
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```yaml
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environment:
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- HTTP_ALLOWED=true
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```
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### 標準安全配置(生產環境)
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```yaml
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environment:
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- JWT_SECRET=your-production-secret
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- HTTP_ALLOWED=false
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- TRUST_PROXY=true
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- ACCOUNT_REGISTRATION=false
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```
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### 高安全配置(敏感環境)
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```yaml
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services:
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convertx:
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ports:
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- "127.0.0.1:3000:3000" # 只允許本地
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environment:
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- JWT_SECRET=your-very-long-random-secret
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- HTTP_ALLOWED=false
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- TRUST_PROXY=true
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- ACCOUNT_REGISTRATION=false
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- ALLOW_UNAUTHENTICATED=false
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- AUTO_DELETE_EVERY_N_HOURS=1
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```
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---
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## 相關文件
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- [環境變數完整說明](environment.md)
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- [反向代理設定](../deployment.md)
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- [Docker Compose 詳解](../deployment/docker-compose.md)
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